References

Note, the following list of references is neither current nor exhaustive.  Please feel free to submit a reference by sending it support@biospherical.com.  

• Ground-based ultraviolet radiometer (GUV)
• Natural fluorescence, primary production, and pigments
• PAR and scalar irradiance
• Profiling radiometer
• Profiling ultraviolet radiometer (PUV)
• Remote electro-optical sensor (REOS) system

GROUND-BASED ULTRAVIOLET RADIOMETER (GUV) REFERENCES

A. DAHLBACK. Measurements of biologically effective UV doses, total ozone abundances, and cloud effects with multichannel, moderate bandwidth filter instruments. Applied Optics 35, pp 6514-6521, 1996.

C. R. BOOTH in IRS '96: Current Problems in Atmospheric Radiation, ed W. L. Smith and K. Stamnes, Deepak, Hamptom, VA, "Synthetic Spectroradiometry", pp: 849-852, 1997.

B. JOHNSEN and M. HANNEVIK "The 1995 Intercomparison of UV and PAR Instruments at the University of Oslo", Stralevern Rapport 1997:7, 1997.

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PROFILING RADIOMETER REFERENCES

ABBOTT, M.R., K.H. BRINK, C.R. BOOTH, D. BLASCO, L.A. CODISPOTI, P.P. NIILER, and S.R. RAMP. 1990. Observations of Phytoplankton and Nutrients from a Lagrangian Drifter off Northern California. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95(C6): 9393-9409.

ABBOTT, M.R., K.H. BRINK, C.R. BOOTH, D. BLASCO, L.A. CODISPOTI, M.O. SWENSON, P.P. NIILER, and C.O. DAVIS. Scales of Variability of Bio-Optical Properties as Observed from Lagrangian Drifters.

BARTZ, R., J.R. ZANEVELD, and H. PAK. 1978. A transmissometer for profiling and moored observation in water. SPIE Ocean Optics , 160: 102-108.

BARBER, R.T., L. BORDEN, Z. JOHNSON, J. MARRA, C. KNUDSON, C.C. TREES. 1996. Ground truthing modeled kPAR and on-deck primary productivity incubations with in-situ observations. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 834-839. (MER-2040)

BIDIGARE, R.R., M. LATASA, Z. JOHNSON, R.T. BARBER, C.C. TREES, W.M. BALCH. 1996. Observations of a Synechoccoccus-dominated cyclonic eddy in open-oceanic waters of the Arabian Sea. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 260-265. (MER-2040)

BOOTH, C.R., and P. DUSTAN. 1979. Diver-operable multiwavelength radiometer. Proc. Soc. Photooptical Inst. Eng., "Measurements of Optical Radiation", SPIE, Vol. 196.

BOOTH, C.R., B.G. MITCHELL, and O. HOLM-HANSEN. 1987. Development of a Moored Oceanographic Spectroradiometer. Biospherical Technical Report, 87-1, Biospherical Instruments Inc., San Diego, CA.

BOOTH, C. R. and R. C. SMITH. 1988. Moorable spectroradiometers in the BIOWATT experiment. SPIE Ocean Optics XII, 925: 176-188.

COLLINS, D.J., C.R. BOOTH, C.O. DAVIS, D.A. KIEFER, and C. STALLINGS. 1988. A model of the photosynthetically available and usable irradiance in the sea. SPIE Ocean Optics IX, Vol. 925.

DARECKI, A.G., P. KOWALCZUK. 1996. Upwelled spectral radiance distribution in relation to yellow substance absorption in the example of case 2 waters (Baltic Sea). SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 386-391. (MER-2040)

DIERSSEN, H.M., R.C. SMITH. 1996. Estimation of irradiance just below the air-water interface. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 204-209.

HIRAWAKE, T., H. SATOH, T. MORINAGA, T. ISHIMARU, M. KISHINO. 1996. In-water algorithms for estimation of chlorophyll and primary production in the Arabian Sea and the eastern Indian Ocean. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 296-301. (MER-2020)

HOOKER, S.B., W.E. ESAIAS, G.C. FELDMAN, W.W. GREGG, and C.R. MCCLAIN. 1992. An Overview of SeaWiFS and Ocean Color. SeaWiFS Technical Report Series, NASA Technical Memorandum 104566, edited by S.B. Hooker and E.R. Firestone, Vol. 1, 24 pp.

KAWASAKI, K. 1996. Seawater optical characteristics near the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 466-470. (MER-2040)

KIEFER, D.A., W.S. CHAMBERLIN, and C.R. BOOTH. 1989. Natural fluorescence of chlorophyll a: relation to photosynthesis and chlorophyll concentration in the western South Pacific gyre. Limnology and Oceanography , 34: 868-881.

KISHINO, M., C.R. BOOTH, and N. OKAMI. 1984. Underwater radiant energy absorbed by phytoplankton, detritus, dissolved organic matter and pure water. Limnology and Oceanography, 29(2): 340-349.

KISHINO, M. J. ISHIZAKA, H. SATOH, K. KUSAKA, S. SAITOH, T. MIYOI, K. KAWASAKI. 1996. Optical characteristics of seawater in the North Pacific Ocean. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 173-178. (MER-2020, 2040)

LEE, Z., K.L. CARDER, R.G. STEWARD, T.G. PEACOCK, C.O. DAVIS, J.L. MUELLER. 1996. Remote sensing reflectance and inherent optical properties of oceanic waters derived from above water measurements. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 160-166. (MER-2040)

MAHAPATRA, K., S. MATSUMAURA, S. KAWAGUCHI, Y. SENGA. 1996. Bio-optical relationships in the southwest Atlantic sector of the Antarctic Ocean. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 495-501.

MARRA, J., R.T. BARBER, C.C. TREES, Z. JOHNSON, C. KINKADE. 1996. Primary production and irradiance during an intermonsoon cruise to the Arabian Sea. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 302-307. (MER-2040)

MITCHELL, B.G., P.J. FLATAU, M. KAHRU, C.D. MOBLEY. 1996. Ocean optics in the California current: observations and theory. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 714-724.

MORROW, J.H., W.S. CHAMBERLIN, and D.A. KIEFER. 1989. A two-component description of spectral absorption by marine particles. Limnology and Oceanography, 34(8): 1500-1509.

MORROW, J.H., M. DUHIG, and C. R. BOOTH. 1994. Design and Evaluation of a cosine collector for a SeaWiFS-compatible Marine Reflectance Radiometer. SPIE Ocean Optics XII, 2258: 879-886.

MUELLER, J.L. and R.W. AUSTIN. 1992. Ocean Optics Protocols for SeaWiFS Validation. SeaWiFS Technical Report Series, NASA Technical Memorandum 104566, edited by S.B. Hooker, Vol. 5, 45 pp.

MUELLER, J.L., J.R.V. ZANEVELD, S. PEGAU, E. VALDEZ, H. MASKE, S. ALVAREZ-BORREGO, R. LARA-LARA. 1996. Remote sensing reflectance: preliminary comparisons between in-water and above-water measurements and estimates modeled from measured inherent optical properties. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 502-507.

PEDERSON, A.M., and M.C. GREGG. 1979. Development of a small in-situ conductivity instrument. IEEE Journal on Ocean Engineering , OE4: 69-75.

SAITOH, S., T. MIYOI, M. KISHINO. 1996. Development of a bio-optical algorithm for ocean color remote sensing in the sub-Arctic North Pacific Ocean. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 766-771. (MER-2020)

SARUYA, Y., T. OISHI, M. KISHINO, Y. JODAI, K. KADOKURA, A. TANAKA. 1996. Influence of ship shadow on underwater irradiance fields. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 760-765.

SIEGEL, D.A., C.R. BOOTH, and T.D. DICKEY. 1986. Effects of sensor characteristics on the inferred vertical structure of the diffuse attenuation coefficient spectrum. SPIE Ocean Optics VIII, 637.

SIEGEL, D.A., M.C. O'BRIEN, S. GARVER, E. BRODY, J.C. SORENSEN, A.F. MICHAELS, E. CAPORELLI, N.B. NELSON. 1996. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 308-313. (MER-2040)

SMITH, R.C., C.R. BOOTH, and STAR. 1984. Oceanographic biooptical profiling system. Applied Optics, 23: 2791-2797.

SMITH, R.C., D.W. MENZIES, C.R. BOOTH. 1996. Oceanographic bio-optical profiling system II. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 777-789. (MER-2040)

SMITH, R.C., C.R. BOOTH, and STAR. 1984. Oceanographic biooptical profiling system. Applied Optics, 23: 2791-2797. This article describes "BOPS": BioOptical Profiling Systems, which are based on the MER-1000 series spectroradiometers. Currently, MER-2040 spectroradiometers replace the earlier MER-1000 in "BOPS" applications.

STRAMSKI, D., C.R. BOOTH, and B.G. MITCHELL. 1992. Estimation of downward irradiance attenuation from a single moored instrument. Deep-Sea Research, 39(3/4): 567-584.

SUBRAMANIAM, A., K. WATERS, E. ARMSTRONG, J. BROCK, R. RANHEIM. 1996. Spatial variability in optical properties of the waters around the Ambrose Light Tower. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 543-548.

SWIFT, E., J. VAN KEUREN, H.P. BATCHELDER, C.R. BOOTH, and C.P. LI. 1988. A Moored Instrument to Measure Stimulated and Natural Oceanic Bioluminescence. SPIE Ocean Optics IX, 925: 76-86.

ZANZEVELD, J.R.V., W.S. PEGAU, A.H. BARNARD, J.L. MUELLER, H. MASKE, E. VALDEZ, R. LARA-LARA, S. ALVAREZ-BORREGO. 1996. Predictions of euphotic depths and diffuse attenuation coefficients from absorption profiles: a model based on comparisons between vertical profiles of spectral irradiance and PAR. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 585-590.

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PAR AND SCALAR IRRADIANCE REFERENCES

BARBER, R.T., L. BORDEN, Z. JOHNSON, J. MARRA, C. KNUDSON, C.C. TREES. 1996. Ground truthing modeled kPAR and on-deck primary productivity incubations with in-situ observations. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 834-839. (QSP)

BOOTH, C.R. 1976. The design and evaluation of a measurement system for photosynthetically active scalar irradiance. Limnology and Oceanography, 21(2): 326-336. (QSP)

CULLEN, J.J., A.M. CIOTTI, R.F. DAVIS, P.J. NEALE. 1996. Relationship between near-surface chlorophyll and solar-stimulated fluorescence: biological effects. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 272-277. (QSL-100)

MARRA, J., R.T. BARBER, Z. JOHNSON, C.C. TREES, C. KINKADE. 1996. Primary production and irradiance during an intermonsoon cruise to the Arabian Sea. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 302-307. (QSP)

ONDRUSEK, M.E., R.R. BIDIGARE. 1996. Measurements of photophysiological parameters and primary production in the central North Pacific Ocean. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 874-879. (QSL-100)

REED, R.E., G.J. KIRKPATRICK, D. KAMYKOWSKI. 1996. Short-period photophysiological responses of Thalassiosira pseudonana during photoacclimation to near-surface irradiance. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 514-519. (QSL-100)

VAN TRAN, A., and D.J. COLLINS. 1990. The Incident Solar Irradiance at the Sea Surface. SPIE Ocean Optics X, 1302: 443-453.

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NATURAL FLUORESCENCE, PRIMARY PRODUCTION, AND PIGMENTS

BIDIGARE, R.R., J.H. MORROW, and D.A. KIEFER. 1989. Derivative analysis of spectral absorption by photosynthetic pigments in the western Sargasso Sea. Journal of Marine Research, 47: 323-341.

BIDIGARE, R.R., M.E. ONDRUSEK, J.H. MORROW, and D.A. KIEFER. 1990. In vivo absorption properties of algal pigments. SPIE Ocean Optics X, 1302: 290-302.

CHAMBERLIN, W. S., BOOTH, C. R., KIEFER, D. A., MORROW, J. H., & MURPHY, R. C. 1990. Evidence for a simple relationship between natural fluorescence, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll in the sea. Deep-Sea Research, 37(6): 951-973.

 CHAMBERLIN, W.S., and J. MARRA. 1992. Estimation of photosynthetic rate from measurements of natural fluorescence: Analysis of the effects of light and temperature. Deep Sea Research.  Deep-Sea Research 39: 1695-1706.

 CULLEN, J.J., A.M. CIOTTI, R.F. DAVIS, P.J. NEALE. 1996. Relationship between near-surface chlorophyll and solar-stimulated fluorescence: biological effects. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 272-277.

 GORDON, H.R. 1979. Diffuse reflectance of the ocean: the theory of its augmentation by chlorophyll-a fluorescence at 685 nm. Applied Optics, 18(8): 1161-1166.

 KIEFER, D. A., W. S. CHAMBERLIN, and C. R. BOOTH. 1989. Natural fluorescence of chlorophyll a: relationship to photosynthesis and chlorophyll concentration in the western South Pacific gyre. Limnology and Oceanography, 34: 868-881.

MARRA, J., W. S. CHAMBERLIN and C. KNUDSON.  1993. Proportionality between in situ carbon assimilation and bio-optical measures of primary production in the Gulf of Maine in summer. Limnology and Oceanography  3: 231-238.

MARRA, J., T. DICKEY, W. CHAMBERLIN, C. HO, T. GRANATA, D. KIEFER, C. LANGDON, R. SMITH,  K. BAKER, R. BIDIGARE and M. HAMILTON.  1992. The estimation of seasonal primary production from moored optical sensors in the Sargasso Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research 97: 7399-7412.

 WHITE, B.N., D.A. KIEFER, J.H. MORROW, and G.F. STOLARIK. 1991. Remote biological monitoring in an open finished-water reservoir. American Water Works Association Journal, 83(9): 107-112.

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PROFILING ULTRAVIOLET RADIOMETER (PUV) REFERENCES

 AYOUB, L.M., B.R. HARGREAVES, D.P. MORRIS. 1996. UVR attenuation in lakes: relative contributions of dissolved and particulate material. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 338-343.

EGOROV, V.G., S.E. NALIVAIKO, V.S. PAVLENKO, O.S. RZSHEVSKY, E.B. GORDON, L.W. COOPER, J.M. GREBMEIER, L.R. SHUGART. 1996. Submersible UV-B spectroradiometer using an acousto-optic tunable fiber. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 664-669.

PATTERSON, K.W., R.C. SMITH, C.R. BOOTH. 1996. Method of removing a majority of the error in PUV attenuation coefficients due to spectral drift in response to depth in the water column. SPIE Ocean Optics XIII, 2963: 737-742.

WILHELM, S.W., W.H. JEFFREY, C.A. SUTTLE, D.L. MITCHELL. 2002. Estimation of Biologically Damaging UV Levels in Marine Surface Waters with DNA and Viral Dosimeters. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2002 Sept, V76, N3: 268-273

REMOTE ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSOR (REOS) SYSTEM REFERENCES

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 MEHTA, S. 1999. DWP gets high-tech weapon in war on slime. Los Angeles Times, March 18, 1999, B2.

 MORROW, J.H., WHITE, B.N., C. CARLSEN, S. HUBLER, and M. CHIMIENTE, C. CARLSEN, and S. HUBLER. 1997. Algorithm development for optical water quality monitoring using REOS-3. In: Proceedings of 1997 Water Quality Technology Conference, American Water Works Association.

 MORROW, J.H., WHITE, B.N., CHIMIENTE, M., AND HUBLER, S. 2000. A bio-optical approach to reservoir monitoring in Los Angeles, California. Archiv für Hydrobiologie: Special Issues: Advances in Limnology, 55:1-13 (in press).

 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1999. California Scientists Develop Water Monitoring System. Nonpoint Source News-Notes, 58:16-17.

 WHITE, B.N., D.A. KIEFER, J.H. MORROW, and G.F. STOLARIK. 1991. Remote biological monitoring in an open finished-water reservoir. American Water Works Association Journal, 83(9): 107-112.

 WHITE, B.N., J.H. MORROW, M. CHIMIENTE, C. CARLSEN, and S. HUBLER. 1997. Advances in REOS reservoir monitoring technology. In: Proceedings of 1997 Water Quality Technology Conference, American Water Works Association.